The AIS (Automatic Identification System) is used for monitoring ship traffic in the Singapore Strait. The AIS system is automated tracking system that was used in ship industry. The system consists of hardware that functions as AIS data receiver and AIS decode software developed with LabVIEW programming language. The system visualizes real-time coordinates of ships (longitude and latitude) to google maps. The method of decoding from AIS data onto ship data consists of 3 stages. Firstly, AIS data with char data type is converted to decimal. Secondly, decimal data is converted to binary and mirrors binary data results. Lastly, binary grouping according to ITU Recommendation M.1371 and binary grouping conversion with MSB reading to decimal are done. Results from the AIS system are: decoded MMSI, navigation status, Rate of Turn (ROT), ship speed, ship position (Longitude and Latitude), Course over Ground (COG), True Heading (HDG), Time Stamp, RAIM flag and Radio status. The accuracy of the system is 99.61%.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam Indonesia
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam Indonesia
The reason why Indonesian palm oil quality is still low because separating system in manufacture method is still being done manually. In this research solving problem offered to that patricular problem would be by applying automatical separating system using microcontroller. Palm fruit ripeness will be determined by a picture taken by a camera. That taken picture would be processed through microcontroller and further will be proceeded to move the separator arm. Therefore, palm fruit will be separated by ripeness level. This system is designed working continuously to put palm on a mechanism which is conveyor belt. By applying this automatical method, separation process would not manually rely on human resources moreover this work could be done continuously. Current design work can be considered as a basis for future design development to make it become a better design product in the future, and can be applied massively at industrial sector of palm oil manufacture in Indonesia.
Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Department of Biology s, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Betel nut has been known as one of leading commodity in Indonesia. The economic prospect of Betel Nut could support the people from country-side to a new level of prosperity. The increasing of betel nut demand especially from outside of country such as India and Thailand of the Betel Nut which is used as the raw material for medicine and cosmetic products will need new machine design of betel nut cutter to supply the demand. Current process of betel nut manufacture is still use a hand-tool for cutting the Betel Nut in rural areas. It takes lot of time and resulted low productivity. The design of the machine betel nut manufacture provides the solution to increase the productivity and low production cost because of cut in half process is still manually. This equipment can produce the cutting work with average 300 Betel Nut per hour. The force resulting from lever is 0.03 N and the cutting speed for one betel nut, it only takes 4 seconds. This equipment is able to cut in half of two or three the Betel Nut in one time. This cutting machine prototype has been used widely in rural area of Riau province like village of Penyalai-Kuala Kampar, district of Pelalawan and several villages in the district of Indragiri Hilir.
Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia
The joint of two thick plates in Upper / Lower Drum Boiler construction should be done by welding which aimed to avoid leaks from pressurized boilers at high temperatures. The strength of the welded joints on the boiler drum becomes very important part to be concerned which should be in accordance with the properties of steel metal materials in general. In order to ascertain the strength of the weld joint, the drum is welded by following the ASME standard, the bevel of joint is the X bevel for the thick plate. The result of weld joint is tested by tensile test to verify the weld strength. The type of tensile test consists of Type All-weld, Transverse Tensile, Bending Test with Face Bend and Root Bend type, Impact and Charpy Test from the joint, Hardness Testing along weld surface from Metal parent area, Heat Affected Zone, Weld Metal, proceed to Heat Affected Zone and Parent Metal area next to it. After the result of welding and Testing is known, the tensile test of All weld type indicates the joint strength is higher about 7-10% than the strength of area between parent metal and HAZ area or weld metal. Based on the impact test, the bending force of root side bend is higher 2-3% than side face bend. Meanwhile, the result of surface hardness testing indicates the increase of hardness strength of surface about 12-15% in HAZ area when compared to parent metal area. The increase of hardness strength is also occurred in weld metal area about 6-8% when compare to HAZ area. The increase of hardness strength has an impact to the structures of steel metal that may lead to defect such a pit damage which derives from the increasing of carbon elements when compared to the parent metal area, and also the emergence of oxygen in the weld or HAZ region where previously in the parent metal is not encountered. With this condition it is important to note that the increase of hardness level in welded joints will lead to raise a weakness in terms of the structure which is very risky for the occurrence of failure on the material welded joint. So in the construction design of weld joint, this weakness becomes very necessary to be considered.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Perimping grass is one of lignocellulosic material which has not been fully utilized yet, so it is potential to be used as a raw material for pulp. The objective of this research is to study influences of the operating variables of formic acid pulping on pulp properties (bursting index, tearing index, and tensile index). Influences of the operating variables were studied by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD). The pulping experiments is carried out at the boiling temperature of cooking liquor on the atmospheric pressure, with 40 grams of perimping grass using formic acid concentrations of 60% - 80%, reaction time from 60 to 180 minutes, and liquid to solid ratio of 10/1 - 20/1, with HCl catalyst of 0.1% wt. The results showed that the physical properties of pulp from perimping grass are bursting index is 22-184,36 kPa m2/g, tearing index is 187-660 mN m2/g, and tensile index is 659.3-2.1149 N m/g.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Noise traffic is the main problem in urban area which resulted by vehicle traffic transportation. The impact of traffic noise covers auditory and non-auditory effect human’s life. In addition, high intensity of traffic noise has disturbed human social life ecologically. Feeling of annoyance resulted by high intensity of traffic noise will influence to the human behavior in driving of vehicles as indirect impact to human social life. In consequence, loss of life and material due to traffic accident is the part of human behavior. This study area is in Pekanbaru city where the relation between number of accident and growth of vehicle in each year indicating fluctuate condition. It can be concluded that the noise traffic impact associated with traffic accident ecologically.
Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau, Indonesia
Ocean and Aerospace Research Institute (OCARI), Indonesia
Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Utilization of an alloy titanium (particularly Ti6Al4V), as fracture fixation in biomedical application hasrestriction because of toxicity of alloy titanium constituent, carcinogenic of TiO2 layers, and inert that inhibit mechanism of bone remodeling that will associate with osseointegration failure. An effort to titanium coating by hydroxyapatite monolayer still have poor mechanical properties dan may lead to implantation failure. Hydroxyapatite bilayers coating aims to protect releasing hazardous ions from implant to the body and improving the osseointegration at the same time. In this research, nanoparticle hydroxyapatite (first layers) and microparticle hydroxyapatite (second layers) were used as coating materials on implant prototype of Ti6Al4V ELI screws. The coating was carried out by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method used different voltage (2 and 3 volt) for deposition time of 2 and 3 minutes for forming first layers. The process was then continuing for making second layer at 5 and 10 volt for 2 and 5 minutes. In order to intensify of coatings, hydroxyapatite bilayers-coated titanium was air-dried overnight and then sintered at 700oC for 1 hour. The coating layers were characterized by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and thickness gauge series tester. Result of the study show that nanoparticle hydroxyapatite layers are more uniform, thin, dense than microparticle hydroxyapatite layer. Moreover, the second layer shows less adhesion. The obtained voltage and deposition time for best bilayers coating characteristic are 2 volt/3 minutes for nanoparticles hydroxyapatite and 5volt/5minutes for microparticles hydroxyapatite. By approximately 71%-100% surface coverage and 56 µm thickness of bilayers coating, that parameters can be considered to improve osseointegration.
Biomedical Science, Medicine Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Biology Department, Mathematic and Science Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Hydroxyapatite (HA) had been used worldwide for coating material on metallic implant for orthopedic application due to biocompatibility and bioactivity properties that can increase implant ability to accelerate bone fracture healing. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) has chosen as coating method because the simplicity of the instrument and its making, inexpensive cost, and ability to coat things with complicated design. EPD used electric current to move the HA particle through electrode in the suspension of ethanol and HA. Desired HA coating quality can be adjusted with optimizing the voltage and coating time. This research aimed to analyzed the effect of voltage and coating time of EPD process toward the HA coating that produced on surface of new type titanium implant prototype, Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr (TNTZ). Voltages are in range of 3, 5, and 7 volt and coating times are in range of 3, 5, and 7 minutes. Based on the result it is known that the best HA coating that can be produced are on 7 minutes and 7 volt. This best result shows the good surface morphology, highest value of screw mass growth, coating thickness, and surface coverage. Enhancement of voltage will affect the surface coverage value of HA coating, however, coating time will affect the thickness. Based on this research it can be concluded that enhancement of the voltage can produced HA coating that spread more evenly that proved by the increasing of surface coverage value. The enhancement of coating time will produce thicker layer of HA coating and increase deposition rate of HA on the implant surface. This result shows that the EPD can be used to produce TNTZ titanium implant that coated with HA for orthopedic application.
Biomedical Science, Medicine Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Biology Department, Mathematic and Science Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Metallic biomaterials have been used widely for biomedical application. One of them is titanium alloy that has proved having good biocompatibility to human body. In other hand, the materials should preferably posses a low Young’s modulus in order to inhibit the stress shielding effect which would probably cause excessive bone absorption because of decreased mechanical stimulation to that part of bone replaced with metallic medical devices. One such alloy has been developed, TNTZ, is a ß-type titanium alloy and having low Young's modulus (40–60 GPa) similar to that of bone (10–30 GPa), so it is suitable as prosthetic devices especially and other biomedical devices. However, metal is considered as foreign object that may cause negative effects. It is necessary, therefore, to do surface modified with biological materials to reduce those effect. One way is surface coating with collagen, where that is one of human body components and also in human bone. Surface coating with collagen has been done with time and temperature variations. The research method was dip coating method with 5, 15, and 25 minutes for time variations, and 40C and 270C (room temperature) for temperature variations. The result showed that the best result for surface coverage is 5 minute and 40C treatment. Surface coverage is 96% with thickness was 5.2 μm. Temperature variations did not have effect significantly for surface coverage and the thickness. We concluded that the best method to coat titanium, TNTZ surface with collagen with dip coating method is 5 minutes, 40C treatment to acquire the surface coverage orderly.
Biomedical Science, Medicine Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Biology Department, Mathematic and Science Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Application of camera and machine vision as an object recognizing system has been developping for decades. It start from a very simple to the most sofisticated machine. It is developed in various scale systems, small and large system for several purposes. In agriculture, the machine is being used to identified fruit grades, the rapeness of the fruit and the weight. The machine In a logistic systems also has been utilized to sortize the size and weight of the object to be sent and delivered. The machine is usually used in ship port, airport and other logistic services. Although the application of the machine vision systems are widely used, most of them are inportable and immobile. They are mostly installed in fix based. Based upon articles review, this paper introduces a novel idea regarding the machines as a mobile and portable machine vision. A coheren laser rays at long-wave red spectrum in combination with camera shooting object is intriduced. The system is controlled by microcontroler to isnpect object under recognition.
Measurement and Instrumentation Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
